Table VIII-4. | Simulations of dispersal activity during 25 years in an area with 20 habitats, with asynchronously changing conditions of survival and reproduction A year is divided into two seasons, a reproductive season and a non-reproductive one during which the tenerals enter the population (to reproduce in the next year). Variation coefficient used with all mean values = 0.4. Survival chance from dispersal (I/E) = 0.8. See text for further explanation |
Q1, Q2 = | survival in first and second season respectively |
ten = | number of tenerals per adult |
d1, d2 = | percentage of emigrating individuals in first and in the second generation respectively |
0, 101,..,>104 = | mean number of populations after 25 years with sizes of 0, 1-101,101-102..,>104 |
Rg = | geometric mean of net reproduction values = (Pn/P0)/n), if P0 = starting size (= 20*500=10000), and n = last year the species was present in the area (n<26) |
v.c.Rg = | variation coefficient of Rg |
LR = | log(H) - log(L), if H and L are the highest and the lowest population size observed, respectively |
B = | simulation of species B (no dispersal) |
M = | simulation of species M (with dispersal) |
1a. Q1=0.05, Q2=0.20, ten=5.00 | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
species | emigration | population size | |||||||||
d1 | d2 | 0 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | >104 | Rg | v.c.Rg | LR | |
B | - | - | 9.5 | 4.5 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 1.5 | - | 0.958 | 0.311 | 1.012 |
M | 3 | - | 1.0 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 3.0 | 1.5 | - | 0.959 | 0.299 | 0.939 |
M | 50 | - | - | 8.5 | 9.0 | 2.0 | 0.5 | - | 0.898 | 0.154 | 1.222 |
M | - | 3 | - | 0.5 | 8.5 | 9.5 | 2.0 | - | 0.987 | 0.246 | 0.723 |
M | - | 50 | - | - | 5.5 | 9.0 | 5.0 | 0.5 | 1.016 | 0.130 | 0.356 |
M | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 12 | 5 | 0 | 1.009 | 0.289 | 0.615 |
M | 3 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 1 | 1 | 1.002 | 0.121 | 0.183 |
M | 50 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 14 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0.909 | 0.172 | 1.097 |
M | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 8 | 11 | 1 | 0 | 0.923 | 0.127 | 0.866 |
1b. Q1=0.05, Q2=0.50, ten=2.00 | |||||||||||
species | emigration | population size | |||||||||
d1 | d2 | 0 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | >104 | Rg | v.c.Rg | LR | |
B | - | - | 9.5 | 4.0 | 3.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | - | 0.973 | 0.308 | 0.906 |
M | 3 | - | - | 4.5 | 8.0 | 5.0 | 2.5 | - | 0.986 | 0.269 | 0.770 |
M | 50 | - | - | 1.0 | 8.010.0 | 1.0 | - | 0.952 | 0.145 | 0.667 | |
M | - | 3 | 1.0 | 9.5 | 7.5 | 2.0 | - | 0.979 | 0.259 | 0.766 | |
M | - | 50 | 19.5 | 0.5 | - | - | - | - | 0.687 | 0.080 | 4.000 |
M | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 11 | 5 | 0 | 1.002 | 0.297 | 0.807 |
M | 3 | 50 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.653 | 0.130 | 4.000 |
M | 50 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 9 | 2 | 0 | 0.942 | 0.165 | 0.753 |
M | 0 | 50 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.582 | 0.140 | 4.000 |
2a. Q1=0.50, Q2=0.20, ten=4.55 | |||||||||||
species | emigration | population size | |||||||||
d1 | d2 | 0 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | >104 | Rg | v.c.Rg | LR | |
B | - | - | 7.0 | 5.5 | 4.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | - | 0.965 | 0.287 | 0.929 |
M | 3 | - | - | 6.0 | 7.0 | 5.5 | 1.5 | - | 0.972 | 0.254 | 0.801 |
M | 50 | - | - | 10.0 | 9.5 | 0.5 | - | - | 0.899 | 0.146 | 1.528 |
M | - | 3 | - | - | 4.5 | 9.0 | 6.5 | - | 1.009 | 0.217 | 0.629 |
M | - | 50 | - | - | - | - | 20.0 | 1.244 | 0.128 | 2.368 | |
M | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 11 | 1 | 1 | 1.022 | 0.250 | 0.740 |
H | 3 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 1.206 | 0.119 | 2.029 |
M | 50 | 3 | 0 | 3 | 14 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0.892 | 0.162 | 1.284 |
M | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 17 | 3 | 1.083 | 0.128 | 0.850 |
2b. Q1=0.50, Q2=0.50, ten=1.50 | |||||||||||
species | emigration | population size | |||||||||
d1 | d2 | 0 | 101 | 102 | 103 | 104 | >104 | Rg | v.c.Rg | LR | |
B | - | - | 6.0 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 1.5 | 2.0 | - | 0.964 | 0.270 | 0.926 |
M | 3 | - | - | 6.5 | 8.5 | 4.0 | 1.0 | - | 0.958 | 0.224 | 0.806 |
M | 50 | - | - | 7.5 | 12.5 | - | - | - | 0.893 | 0.154 | 1.564 |
M | - | 3 | - | 1.0 | 8.5 | 8.0 | 2.5 | - | 0.975 | 0.211 | 0.710 |
M | - | 50 | - | 17.0 | 2.5 | 0.5 | - | 0.916 | 0.122 | 1.958 | |
M | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 10 | 3 | 0 | 0.976 | 0.231 | 0.685 |
M | 3 | 50 | 0 | 17 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.805 | 0.109 | 2.357 |
M | 50 | 3 | 0 | 11 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.849 | 0.148 | 1.775 |
M | 50 | 50 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.662 | 0.134 | 4.000 |